Mohd Samsul Rohizad Maidin (2018) The status of Macrobrachium spp. and stock enchancement of giant freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii in a community-based project in Petagas river, Sabah, Malaysia. Masters thesis, Universiti Malaysia Sabah.
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Abstract
The decline of the freshwater giant prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii, in rivers can be attributed to overfishing, habitat loss and pollution. In order to offset the pressure, a community-based stock enhancement project was initiated by Borneo Marine Research Institute (BMRI), University Malaysia Sabah, to increase the number of M. rosenbergii in Petagas River, Putatan, Sabah. This study was conducted to determine the distribution and abundance of different life stages of the freshwater prawn, population estimates and habitat preferences of adult freshwater prawn and molecular characterization of the prawns caught in Petagas River following the stock enhancement programme of M. rosenbergii juveniles produced from BMRI shrimp hatchery. Series of samplings were conducted at Petagas River after each stock enhancement programme from September 2013 to May 2015. The different life stages of the freshwater prawn were caught using hand net and modified prawn trap. A total of 539 specimens were caught and separated into PL, juvenile and adult. The distribution of PL prawn was found to be increased with increasing salinities (R2=0.95) while for juvenile (R2= 0.98) and adult prawns (R2=0.921) were inversely correlated. Abundance of PL (53%) was found at the downstream region of Petagas River. Highest percentage of juvenile was found at the midstream region of Petagas River with 18.06% while 81.63% of adult prawn found at the upstream region. Highest percentage of adult individual caught was found at station with the presence of substrate (54.43%), followed by vegetation (27.22%) and mud sand (18.35%). The CPUE of PL, juvenile and adult were positively correlated with the increase of stocking juvenile following stocking programme with R2=0.89, R2=0.73 and R2=0.87 accordingly. Estimated population sizes of adult prawn at the start, middle and end of the present study were 239, 351 and 559 individuals respectively. The result was corresponding to the enhancement programme which indicates the number of freshwater prawn in the river increased following stocking programme. However, two morphologically different species of adult freshwater prawn were found; WA (white colour adult with light brown carapace and shorter rostrum), and BA (blue colour adult with light blue carapace and extended rostrum) with composition of 97.7% and 2.3% respectively. Molecular analyses were then carried out on the adult and juvenile prawns caught in the Petagas River and compared with adult and juvenile from BMRI shrimp hatchery. Sequence similarity analyses showed the two distinct species of adult samples from Petagas River were determined as M. rosenbergii (89% to 95% sequence similarity) and M. mammilodactylus (83% to 99%) while all samples from BMRI shrimp hatchery were identified as M. rosenbergii (89% to 99%). Other juvenile samples from the Petagas River were determined as Macrobrachium sp. (84% to 86%), Caridina gracilipes (91% to 92%), Caridina sp. (81% to 87%), Litopenaeus stylirostris (83%) and Metapenaeus ensis (99%). The sequence similarity and phylogenetic tree analyses showed that M. rosenbergii from Petagas River is closely related to M. rosenbergii from BMRI shrimp hatchery. The phylogenetic tree of COI gene produced three clusters of Macrobrachium genus, separated with its closely related species. Genetic distances between M. rosenbergii from BMRI shrimp hatchery and M. rosenbergii caught in Petagas River ranged from 0.00% to 13.8%. It suggested that the M. rosenbergii released in stock enhancement programme were closely related to the M. rosenbergii caught in the river. Based on the results, it showed that M. rosenbergii is able to live and adapt in Petagas River as its population increased following the stocking programme. Although the percentage of M. rosenbergii in the river is still low compared to M. mammillodactylus, however the appearance of ovigorous females of M. rosenbergii in the study indicates the possibility of future establishment of the stocking species in the river. The stock enhancement programme is suggested to be implemented continuously in order to improve the population of M. rosenbergii in the Petagas River. This study will provide baseline information on the effectiveness of stock enhancement programme of giant freshwater prawn especially in Malaysia.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Keyword: | Freshwater giant prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii, Stock enhancement, Population growth, Habitat preferences, Molecular Characterization |
| Subjects: | S Agriculture > SH Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling > SH1-691 Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling > SH201-399 Fisheries > SH365-380.92 Shellfish fisheries. Shellfish culture |
| Department: | INSTITUTE > Borneo Marine Research Institute |
| Depositing User: | DG MASNIAH AHMAD - |
| Date Deposited: | 25 Mar 2025 15:16 |
| Last Modified: | 25 Mar 2025 15:16 |
| URI: | https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/43332 |
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