n-alkane profiles of lard and vegetable oils, and their chemometric differentiation

Nur Ain Syaqirah Sapian and Muhamad Aidilfitri Mohamad Roslan and Amalia Mohd Hashim and Yanty Noorzianna Abdul Manaf and Mohd Nasir Mohd Desa and Murni Halim and Muhamad Shirwan Abdullah Sani and Mohd Termizi Yusof and Mohd Sabri Pak Dek and Helmi Wasoh (2024) n-alkane profiles of lard and vegetable oils, and their chemometric differentiation. Journal of Oil Palm Research, 36. pp. 524-533.

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Abstract

This research aims to examine fat from various vegetable oils using n-alkane profles, as well as chemometrics and machine learning. Unsaponifable vegetable oils (coconut, peanut, palm and soybean oils) were separated and analysed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to investigate the n-alkane profles of each fat. The authenticity of the detected n-alkane profles was determined by comparing to the retention time of C7 -C40 n-alkane standards. The test designs were developed using Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Hierarchical Clustering Analysis (HCA), Partial Least Squares-Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA), and Random Forest (RF). Both PCA and HCA appeared to provide a clear distinction between each of the vegetable oil tests. Based on the PLS-DA and RF determination, tetracosane (C24) and octadecane (C18) are proposed as the key n-alkane markers for separating lard from vegetable oils. These fndings suggest that additional work may be required to achieve and determine the diferent characteristics across oils in numerous statistical applications, notably chemometrics and machine learning.

Item Type:	Article
Keyword:	Chemometrics, Lard, n-alkane, Principal component analysis, Random forest
Subjects:	T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP1-1185 Chemical technology > Food processing and manufacture T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP1-1185 Chemical technology > TP670-699 Oils, fats, and waxes
Department:	FACULTY > Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition
Depositing User:	SITI AZIZAH BINTI IDRIS -
Date Deposited:	09 Apr 2025 09:51
Last Modified:	09 Apr 2025 09:51
URI:	https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/43433

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