Melioidosis in Malaysia: incidence, clinical challenges, and advances in understanding pathogenesis

Sheila Nathan and Sylvia Chieng and Paul Vijay Kingsley and Anand Mohan and Yuwana Podin and Mong-How Ooi and Vanitha Mariappan and Kumutha Malar Vellasamy and Jamuna Vadivelu and Sylvia Daim and Soon-Hin How (2018) Melioidosis in Malaysia: incidence, clinical challenges, and advances in understanding pathogenesis. Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease, 3. pp. 1-19. ISSN 2414-6366 (Unpublished)

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Abstract

Malaysia is an endemic hot spot for melioidosis; however, a comprehensive picture of the burden of disease, clinical presentations, and challenges faced in diagnosis and treatment of melioidosis is not available. This review provides a no exhaustive overview of epidemiological data, clinical studies, risk factors, and mortality rates from available literature and case reports. Clinical patterns of melioidosis are generally consistent with those from South and Southeast Asia in terms of common primary presentations with diabetes as a major risk factor. Early diagnosis and appropriate management of Malaysian patients is a key limiting factor, which needs to be addressed to reduce serious complications and high mortality and recurrence rates. Promoting awareness among the local healthcare personnel is crucial to improving diagnostics and early treatment, as well as educating the Malaysian public on disease symptoms and risk factors. A further matter of urgency is the need to make this a notifiable disease and the establishment of a national melioidosis registry. We also highlight local studies on the causative agent, Burkholderia pseudo mallei, with regards to bacteriology and identification of virulence factors as well as findings from host–pathogen interaction studies. Collectively, these studies have uncovered new correlations and insights for further understanding of the disease.

Item Type: Article
Keyword: Melioidosis , Burkholderia pseudomallei , Malaysia , Epidemiology , Bacteriology
Subjects: R Medicine > R Medicine (General)
R Medicine > RA Public aspects of medicine
Department: FACULTY > Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences
Depositing User: SITI AZIZAH BINTI IDRIS -
Date Deposited: 31 Jul 2021 23:44
Last Modified: 31 Jul 2021 23:44
URI: https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/30192

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