School indoor air pollutants: In relation to allergy and respiratory symptoms among school children in urban areas

Zailina Hashim and Nur Shahira Mohamad Fadzil and Siti Raihan and Shamsul Bahari Shamsudin and Khairul Nizam Mohd Isa and Tan Teck Song and Jony Sieman and Saliza Mohd Elias and Jamal Hisham Hashim (2022) School indoor air pollutants: In relation to allergy and respiratory symptoms among school children in urban areas. Pollution, 8. pp. 948-962. ISSN 2383-451X (P-ISSN) , 2383-4501 (E-ISSN)

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URL: https://jpoll.ut.ac.ir/article_87455.html

Abstract

Indoor air pollutants affect children’s health and previous research mostly focuses on respiratory and allergic diseases. However, little is known about the risks among school children in East Malaysia. Therefore, we studied associations between school children’s respiratory and allergic symptoms and indoor air pollutants in schools in Sabah, Malaysia. We randomly selected 332 school children (14 years old) from 24 classrooms in 6 secondary schools in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah. Information on personal characteristics, respiratory and allergic symptoms were gathered by using a standard questionnaire. The skin prick test was used to characterize their atopy. In each classroom, the indoor concentrations of particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO2 ), formaldehyde, total volatile organic compounds (TVOC), carbon dioxide (CO2 ) temperature and relative humidity were monitored. Overall, 11.7% reported doctor-diagnosed asthma, 14.8% wheezing, 17.5% day-time breathlessness, 37.0% breathlessness after exercise, 13.0% breathlessness at night-time, 55.1% rhinitis and 10.8% skin allergic in the last 12 months. Regression analysis showed that the onset of wheezing was common in doctor diagnosed asthma (OR= 8.29, 95% CI= 3.70-16.10) and with parental asthma/allergy (OR= 2.13, 95% CI= 1.10-4.15), and associated with concentrations of NO2 (OR= 1.03, 95% CI= 1.01-1.21) and CO2 (OR= 1.01, 95% CI= 1.01-1.11). Day-time breathlessness was associated with indoor NO2 (OR=1.02, 95% CI= 1.02-1.35) and TVOC (OR= 1.30, 95% CI= 1.10-1.52). The indoor concentrations of NO2 , CO2 , TVOC and PM2.5 as well as parental asthma/allergy, and parental smoking were risk factors to the health outcome of respiratory and allergic symptoms.

Item Type:	Article
Keyword:	Children , School , Indoor air quality , Respiratory symptoms , Allergic symptoms
Subjects:	R Medicine > RC Internal medicine > RC31-1245 Internal medicine > RC86-88.9 Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid
Department:	FACULTY > Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences
Depositing User:	DG MASNIAH AHMAD -
Date Deposited:	22 Sep 2022 16:11
Last Modified:	22 Sep 2022 16:11
URI:	https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/34198

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