Balkis Hazmi and Umer Rashid and Yap, Taufiq Yun Hin and Mohd Lokman Ibrahim and Nehdi Imededdine (2020) Supermagnetic nano-bifunctional catalyst from rice husk: Synthesis, characterization and application for conversion of used cooking oil to c. Catalysts, 10 (2). p. 225.
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Abstract
The present work investigated the biodiesel production from used cooking oil catalyzed by nano-bifunctional supermagnetic heterogeneous catalysts (RHC/K2O/Fe) derived from rice husk doped with K2O and Fe synthesized by the wet impregnation method. The synthesized catalysts (RHC/K2O/Fe) were characterized for crystallinity by X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), total acidity and basicity using CO2/NH3-TPD, textural properties through Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), thermal stability via thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA), functional group determination by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), surface morphology through field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and magnetic properties by vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The VSM result demonstrated that the super-paramagnetic catalyst (RHC/K2O-20%/Fe-5%) could be simply separated and regained after the reaction using an external magnetic field. The operating conditions such as catalyst loading, methanol/oil molar ratio, temperature, and reaction duration were studied. The screened RHC/K2O-20%/Fe-5% catalyst was selected for further optimization and the optimum reaction parameters found were 4 wt % of catalyst, a molar ratio of methanol/oil of 12:1, 4 h reaction duration, and 75 °C reaction temperature with a maximal yield of 98.6%. The reusability study and reactivation results revealed that the nano-bifunctional magnetic catalyst (RHC/K2O-20%/Fe-5%) could be preserved by high catalytic activity even after being reused five times.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Keyword: | rice husk , nano-magnetic catalyst , heterogeneous catalyst , used cooking oil , biodiesel |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TP Chemical technology |
| Depositing User: | NORAINI LABUK - |
| Date Deposited: | 12 Jun 2020 07:54 |
| Last Modified: | 24 Feb 2021 20:16 |
| URI: | https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/25513 |
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