Esterification of residual palm oil using solid acid catalyst derived from rice husk

Winnie Sinan Balan and Jidon Janaun and Chung, Chin Hing and Veroneka Semilin and Zhu, Zongyuan and Haywood, Stephanie K. and Touhami, Dalila and Chong, Khim Phin and Abu Zahrim Yaser and Lee, Ping Chin and Sharif H. Zein (2021) Esterification of residual palm oil using solid acid catalyst derived from rice husk. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 404 (124092). pp. 1-11. ISSN 0304-3894

	Text Esterification of residual palm oil using solid acid catalyst derived from rice husk.pdf Restricted to Registered users only Download (744kB) \| Request a copy
	Text Esterification of residual palm oil using solid acid catalyst derived from rice husk _ABSTRACT.pdf Download (82kB)

URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/...

Abstract

In this study, carbon-silica based acid catalysts derived from rice husks (RH) were successfully synthesised using microwave (MW) technology. The results showed that MW sulphonation produced Sulphur (S) content of 17.2–18.5 times higher than in raw RH. Fourier-transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) showed peak at 1035 cm−1 which corresponded to O˭S˭O stretching of sulphonic (-SO3H) group. XRD showed sulfonated RH catalysts (SRHCs) have amorphous structure, and through SEM, broadening of the RH voids and also formation of pores is observed. RH600 had the highest surface area of 14.52 m2/g. SRHCs showed high catalytic activity for esterification of oleic acid with methanol with RH600 had the highest initial formation rate (6.33 mmol L−1 min−1) and yield (97%). The reusability of the catalyst showed gradually dropped yield of product for every recycle, which might be due to leaching of –SO3H. Finally, esterification of oil recovered from palm oil mill effluent (POME) with methanol achieved a conversion of 87.3% free fatty acids (FFA) into fatty acid methyl esters (FAME).

Item Type:	Article
Keyword:	Fatty acid methyl esters , Microwave pyrolysis , Palm oil mill effluent , Rice husk , Solid acid catalyst
Subjects:	T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP1-1185 Chemical technology
Department:	INSTITUTE > Biotechnology Research Institute (BRI)
Depositing User:	SAFRUDIN BIN DARUN -
Date Deposited:	16 Jul 2022 10:07
Last Modified:	16 Jul 2022 10:07
URI:	https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/33217

Actions (login required)

View Item