The effect of maturity and extraction solvents on bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity of mulberry (morus alba) fruits and leaves

Centhyea and Ruzaidi Azli Mohd Mokhtar and Muhamad Shirwan Abdullah Sani and Nor Qhairul Izzreen Mohd Noor (2022) The effect of maturity and extraction solvents on bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity of mulberry (morus alba) fruits and leaves. In: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION 2022 ” Future Food: Emerging Trends, Health and Diversity”, 24th-25th August 2022., Online.

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Official URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/8/2406

Abstract

Cultivation location, maturity levels, and extraction solvents could affect the bioactive compounds and biological activities of mulberry (Morus alba Linnaeus). The lack of study on Malaysia-grown mulberry causes its underutilization. This study investigated the total bioactive compounds content and the antioxidant activity of Sabah-grown mulberry fruits and leaves. Samples were analyzed at two different maturity stages (fruits: red mature and black fully ripe; leaves: mature and young) and extracted using 70% (v/v) methanol, 60% (v/v) ethanol and 65% (v/v) acetone. The analyses included the total content of phenolic, flavonoid, and anthocyanin, UHPLC-DAD quantification of chlorogenic acid and rutin, Free Radical Scavenging 2.2-Dyphenyl-1-Pikrilhidrazil (DPPH), Radical Cation 2,2’-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) and Ferric Reduction Antioxidant Power (FRAP) assays. Results showed that mulberry fruits demonstrated maturity-dependent increment (except UHPLC-DAD quantification), while the leaves revealed maturity-dependent reduction. Principal component analysis (PCA) displayed 65% (v/v) acetone black fully ripe fruits in 65% (v/v) acetone as the best phenolics and antioxidant sources. However, the 60% (v/v) ethanol black fully ripe fruits contained 20.08%–68.43% higher total anthocyanins. Meanwhile, the 65% (v/v) acetone and 70% (v/v) methanol red mature fruits were higher in chlorogenic acid (27.53%–47.12%) and rutin (31.42%–35.92%) than other fruit extracts, respectively. For leaves, young leaves in 65% (v/v) acetone young leaves were the best phenolics and antioxidant sources. However, the 60% (v/v) ethanol young leaves possessed greater chlorogenic acid (19.56%–74.11%) than other leaf extracts. Overall, Malaysia-grown mulberry is rich in phenolics and antioxidants, suggesting its potential application in food and pharmaceutical products.

Item Type:	Conference or Workshop Item (Paper)
Keyword:	Morus alba Linnaeus fruits , Morus alba Linnaeus leaves , Bioactive compounds , Antioxidant activity , Principal component analysis (PCA)
Subjects:	T Technology > TX Home economics > TX1-1110 Home economics T Technology > TX Home economics > TX1-1110 Home economics > TX341-641 Nutrition. Foods and food supply
Department:	FACULTY > Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition
Depositing User:	ABDULLAH BIN SABUDIN -
Date Deposited:	04 Apr 2023 15:29
Last Modified:	22 May 2023 10:50
URI:	https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/35134

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