Exposure and connectedness to natural environments: An examination of the measurement invariance of the Nature Exposure Scale (NES) and Connectedness to Nature Scale (CNS) across 65 nations, 40 languages, gender identities, and age groups

Viren Swami and Mathew P. White and Martin Voracek and Ulrich S. Tran and Toivo Aavik and Hamed Abdollahpour Ranjbar and Sulaiman Olanrewaju Adebayo and Reza Afhami and Oli Ahmed and Annie Aime and Marwan Akel and Hussam Al Halbusi and George Alexias and Khawla F. Ali and Nursel Alp-Dal and Anas B. Alsalhani and Sara Alvarez-Solas and Ana Carolina Soares Amaral and Sonny Andrianto and Trefor Aspden and Marios Argyrides and John Jamir Benzon R. Aruta and Stephen Atkin and Olusola Ayandele and Migle Baceviciene and Radvan Bahbouh and Andrea Ballesio and David Barron and Ashleigh Bellard and SoleySesselja ´ Bender and Kerime Derya Beydaǧ and Gorana Birovljevi´c and Marie-Eve ` Blackburn and Teresita Borja-Alvarez and Joanna Borowiec and Miroslava Bozog´ anov ˇ a and Solfrid Bratland-Sanda and MatthewH.E.M. Browning and Anna Brytek-Matera and Marina Burakova and Yeliz Çakır-Koçak and Pablo Camacho and Vittorio Emanuele Camilleri and Valentina Cazzato and Silvia Cerea and Apitchaya Chaiwutikornwanich and Trawin Chaleeraktrakoon and Tim Chambers and Qing-Wei Chen and Xin Chen and Chin-Lung Chien and Phatthanakit Chobthamkit and Bovornpot Choompunuch and Emilio J. Compte and Jennifer Corrigan and Getrude Cosmas Ah Gang and Richard G. Cowden and Kamila Czepczor-Bernat and Marcin Czub and Wanderson Roberto da Silva and Mahboubeh Dadfar and Simon E. Dalley and Lionel Dany and Jesus Alfonso D. Datu and Pedro Henrique Berbert de Carvalho and Gabriel Lins de Holanda Coelho and Avila Odia S. De Jesus and Sonia Harzallah Debbabi and Sandesh Dhakal and Francesca Di Bernardo and Donka D. Dimitrova and Jacinthe Dion and Barnaby Dixson and Stacey M. Donofrio and Marius Drysch and Hongfei Du and Angel M. Dzhambov and Claire El-Jor and Violeta Enea and Mehmet Eskin and Farinaz Farbod and Lorleen Farrugia and Leonie Fian and Maryanne L. Fisher and Michał Folwarczny and David A. Frederick and Matthew Fuller-Tyszkiewicz and Adrian Furnham and Antonio Alías García and Shulamit Geller and Marta Ghisi and Alireza Ghorbani and Maria Angeles Gomez Martinez and Sarah Gradidge and Sylvie Graf and Caterina Grano and Gyongyv ¨ ´er Gyene and Souheil Hallit and Motasem Hamdan and Jonathan E. Handelzalts and PaulH.P. Hanel and Steven R. Hawks and Issa Hekmati and Mai Helmy and Tetiana Hill and Farah Hina and Geraldine Holenweger and Martina Hˇrebíˇckov´ a and Olasupo Augustine Ijabadeniyi and Asma Imam and Bas¸ak ˙ Ince and Natalia Irrazabal and Rasa Jankauskiene and Ding-Yu Jiang and Micaela Jim´enez-Borja and Veronica ´ Jim´enez-Borja and Evan M. Johnson and Veljko Jovanovi´c and Marija Jovi´c and Marko Jovi´c and Alessandra Costa Pereira Junqueira and Lisa-Marie Kahle and Adam Kantanista and Ahmet Karakiraz and Ays¸e Nur Karkin and Erich Kasten and Salam Khatib and Nuannut Khieowan and Patricia Joseph Kimong and Litza Kiropoulos and Joshua Knittel and Neena Kohli and Mirjam Koprivnik and Aituar Kospakov and Magdalena Krol-Zieli ´ nska and Isabel Krug and Garry Kuan and Yee Cheng Kueh and Omar Kujan and Miljana Kuki´c and Sanjay Kumar and Vipul Kumar and Nishtha Lamba and Mary Anne Lauri and Maria Fernanda Laus and Liza April LeBlanc and Hyejoo J. Lee and Małgorzata Lipowska and Mariusz Lipowski and Caterina Lombardo and Andrea Lukacs and Christophe Maïano and Sadia Malik and Mandar Manjary and Lidia Marquez ´ Baldo and Martha Martinez-Banf and Karlijn Massar and Camilla Matera and Olivia McAnirlin and Mois´es Roberto Mebarak and Anwar Mechri and Juliana Fernandes Filgueiras Meireles and Norbert Mesko and Jacqueline Mills and Maya Miyairi and Ritu Modi and Adriana Modrzejewska and Justyna Modrzejewska and Kate E. Mulgrew and Taryn A. Myers and Hikari Namatame and Mohammad Zakaria Nassani and Amanda Nerini and F´elix Neto and Joana Neto and Angela Nogueira Neves and Siu-Kuen Ng and Devi Nithiya and Jiaqing O and Sahar Obeid and Camila Oda-Montecinos and Peter Olamakinde Olapegba and Tosin Tunrayo Olonisakin and Salma Samir Omar and Brynja Orlygsd ¨ ottir and Emrah Ozsoy and Tobias Otterbring and Sabine Pahl and Maria Serena Panasiti and Yonguk Park and Muhammad Mainuddin Patwary and Tatiana Petho and Nadezhda Petrova and Jakob Pietschnig and Sadaf Pourmahmoud and Vishnunarayan Girishan Prabhu and Vita Poˇstuvan and Pavol Prokop and Virginia L. Ramseyer Winter and Magdalena Razmus and Taotao Ru and Mirjana Rupar and Reza N. Sahlan and Mohammad Salah Hassan and Anđela Salov and Saphal Sapkota and Jacob Owusu Sarfo and Yoko Sawamiya and Katrin Schaefer and Michael Schulte-Mecklenbeck and Veya Seekis and Kerim Selvi and Mehdi Sharif and Anita Shrivastava and Rumana Ferdousi Siddique and Valdimar Sigurdsson and Vineta Silkane and Ana Simuni ˇ ´c and Govind Singh and Alena Sleza´ˇckova and Christine Sundgot-Borgen and Gill Ten Hoor and Passagorn Tevichapong and Arun Tipandjan and Jennifer Todd and Constantinos Togas and Fernando Tonini and Juan Camilo Tovar-Castro and Lise Katrine Jepsen Trangsrud and Pankaj Tripathi and Otilia Tudorel and Tracy L. Tylka and Anar Uyzbayeva and Zahir Vally and Edmunds Vanags and Luis Diego Vega and Aitor Vicente-Arruebarrena and Jose Vidal-Mollon and Roosevelt Vilar and Hyxia Villegas and Mona Vintila and Christoph Wallner and Simon Whitebridge and Sonja Windhager and Kah Yan Wong and Eric Kenson Yau and Yuko Yamamiya and Victoria Wai Lan Yeung and Marcelo Callegari Zanetti and Magdalena Zawisza and Nadine Zeeni and Martina Zvaríkova and Stefan Stieger (2024) Exposure and connectedness to natural environments: An examination of the measurement invariance of the Nature Exposure Scale (NES) and Connectedness to Nature Scale (CNS) across 65 nations, 40 languages, gender identities, and age groups. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 99. pp. 1-24.

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Abstract

Detachment from nature is contributing to the environmental crisis and reversing this trend requires detailed monitoring and targeted interventions to reconnect people to nature. Most tools measuring nature exposure and attachment were developed in high-income countries and little is known about their robustness across national and linguistic groups. Therefore, we used data from the Body Image in Nature Survey to assess measurement invariance of the Nature Exposure Scale (NES) and the Connectedness to Nature Scale (CNS) across 65 nations, 40 languages, gender identities, and age groups (N = 56,968). While multi-group confirmatory factor analysis (MG-CFA) of the NES supported full scalar invariance across gender identities and age groups, only partial scalar invariance was supported across national and linguistic groups. MG-CFA of the CNS also supported full scalar invariance across gender identities and age groups, but only partial scalar invariance of a 7-item version of the CNS across national and linguistic groups. Nation-level associations between NES and CNS scores were negli gible, likely reflecting a lack of conceptual clarity over what the NES is measuring. Individual-level associations between both measures and sociodemographic variables were weak. Findings suggest that the CNS-7 may be a useful tool to measure nature connectedness globally, but measures other than the NES may be needed to capture nature exposure cross-culturally.

Item Type: Article
Keyword: Nature exposure scale Connectedness to nature scale Measurement invariance Cross-cultural Multi-group confirmatory factor analysis (MGCFA)
Subjects: B Philosophy. Psychology. Religion > BF Psychology > BF1-990 Psychology > BF712-724.85 Developmental psychology - Including infant psychology, child psychology, adolescence, adulthood
Q Science > QA Mathematics > QA1-939 Mathematics > QA273-280 Probabilities. Mathematical statistics
Department: FACULTY > Faculty of Psychology and Education
Depositing User: ABDULLAH BIN SABUDIN -
Date Deposited: 29 Nov 2024 12:26
Last Modified: 29 Nov 2024 13:00
URI: https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/41974

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