Investigation of the potential of empty fruit bunch (EFB) and press mud for the removal of heavy metals from wastewater

Maheera Mohamad and Nurul Azita Salleh and Mohd Nasrun Mohd Nawi and Md Abdul Kafi and Mohd Azmier Ahmad and Siti Nor Farhana Zakaria and Vignes Chellamuthu (2023) Investigation of the potential of empty fruit bunch (EFB) and press mud for the removal of heavy metals from wastewater. PaperASIA, 39 (6b). pp. 96-105. ISSN 0218-4540

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Abstract

Improper management of organic industrial wastes, such as empty fruit bunch (EFB) from the palm oil industry and pressmud, i.e., a by-product of the sugar refinery industry can lead to environmental problems. This study aims to investigate the potential of pressmud and EFB as adsorbent materials in wastewater pollution removal. The chemical analysis in this study revealed that the EFB sample contained 7.30% of SiO2, 2.11% of Fe₂O₃, 1.91% of MgO, 28.02% of CaO, 37.59% of K₂O, 1.45% of P₂O₅, 14.51% of Cl, 4.39% of SO₃, and 2.38% of other elements. Meanwhile, the pressmud sample contained 14.32% of SiO₂, 1.39% of SO₃, 81.71% of CaO, 1.03% of Fe₂O₃, and the remaining 1.56% of other compounds. The possible adsorption capacities of pressmud and EFB were determined using the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. The absorption of Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, and Zn in these samples was analyzed using the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. By comparing both models, the research revealed that the Langmuir model provided a more precise description of the adsorption process for the EFB and pressmud samples and was competently compared to the Freundlich model, as indicated by the highest R2 values. The results indicate the potential of EFB and pressmud as promising reactive materials for heavy metal adsorption, and this involves recognizing possibilities for repurposing these economical and sustainable waste materials.

Item Type:	Article
Keyword:	Empty fruit bunch, EFB, Pressmud, Langmuir, Freundlich, Adsorption
Subjects:	T Technology > T Technology (General) > T1-995 Technology (General) T Technology > TD Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD1-1066 Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering > TD159-168 Municipal engineering
Department:	FACULTY > Faculty of Engineering
Depositing User:	SITI AZIZAH BINTI IDRIS -
Date Deposited:	26 Nov 2024 13:33
Last Modified:	26 Nov 2024 13:33
URI:	https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/41989

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