Exploring the relationship between GDP, carbon dioxide emissions, energy consumption, population, and renewable energy production using Canada as a model country

Chew, Jia Ming and Yap, Chee Kong and Krishnan Kumar and Cheng, Wan Hee and Wan Mohd Syazwan and Rosimah Nulit and Noor Azrizal-Wahid and Muskhazli Mustafa and Hideo Okamura and Yoshifumi Horie and Yap, Chee Wah and Kennedy Aaron Aguol and Ong, Meng Chuan (2024) Exploring the relationship between GDP, carbon dioxide emissions, energy consumption, population, and renewable energy production using Canada as a model country. Environmental Protection Research, 4. pp. 156-176. ISSN 2810-9325

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Abstract

This study explores the complex relationships between population growth, gross domestic productivity (GDP), carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, primary energy consumption, and renewable energy (RE) production in Canada from 1950 to 2021. Using time-series econometric techniques, including Ordinary Least Squares (OLS), Vector Autoregressive (VAR) models, and cointegration analysis, the research investigates how these variables interact over time and their implications for environmental sustainability and economic development. The results indicate that population and GDP growth significantly increase primary energy consumption and CO2 emissions, emphasizing the need for cleaner energy sources. While the positive correlation between population growth and renewable energy production presents opportunities for reducing carbon footprints and fostering economic resilience, there are also risks of overexploitation of renewable resources if energy demand outpaces sustainable supply. The study highlights the importance of sustainable resource management and policy frameworks to ensure that economic growth does not compromise environmental integrity. These findings provide critical insights for policymakers in balancing economic development with environmental sustainability, advocating for increased investment in renewable energy and implementing energy-efficient practices. Future research should expand this analysis to other countries and explore the differentiated impact of various renewable energy sources on economic and environmental outcomes.

Item Type:	Article
Keyword:	Population growth, GDP, CO2 emissions, Primary energy consumption, Renewable energy, Sustainability Canada
Subjects:	H Social Sciences > H Social Sciences (General) > H1-99 Social sciences (General) H Social Sciences > HD Industries. Land use. Labor > HD28-9999 Industries. Land use. Labor
Department:	CENTRE > Centre for the Promotion of Knowledge and Language Learning
Depositing User:	SITI AZIZAH BINTI IDRIS -
Date Deposited:	28 Feb 2025 14:14
Last Modified:	28 Feb 2025 14:14
URI:	https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/42982

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