UNSPECIFIED (2018) Chemical composition, antioxidant and anticancer properties of sabah seaweeds, sargassum polycystum and kappaphycus alvarezii. Masters thesis, Universiti Malaysia Sabah.
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Abstract
Seaweeds belong to a group of marine plants known as algae found growing throughout the world; considered as food source because of its protein, lipids, polysaccharides, minerals, vitamins and enzymes contents. Marine algae contains many beneficial biological activities which have great potential in nutraceutical, pharmaceutical and cosmeceutical areas. This study aims to evaluate the chemical composition, antioxidant and anticancer properties of two different types of Malaysian seaweeds which are Sargassum polycystum and Kappaphycus alvarezii. The extracts were prepared using different solvent extraction as well as extraction of crude compounds which are alginates and carrageenan. The phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined using Folin-ciocalteau and aluminium chloride colorimetric methods. The antioxidant activities were evaluated by FRAP, DPPH and β-carotene bleaching assays. Antiproliferative activity against hormone dependent breast cancer (MCF-7), liver cancer (HepG2), colon cancer (HT-29) and cervical cancer (HeLa) cell lines were determined using 3-(4,5-dimethythiazol-2-yl)-2,5- diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and further evaluated for cancer cell cycle analysis and apoptosis using flow cytometry. S. polycystum was high in ash, moisture and protein content compared to K. alvarezii powder. In mineral content, K. alvarezii has higher pottassium (K) and sodium (Na) compared to S. polycystum. On the other hand, K. alvarezii has lower in Calcium (Ca), and Iron (Fe) content compared to S. polycystum. The chloroform extract of S. polycystum showed highest antiproliferative activity on HepG2 cell line with the IC50 value of 151± 9.8 μg/ml. Also, the ethyl acetate extract of K. alvarezii in HepG2 cell line at 320 ± 7.0 μg/ml. In MCF-7 and HT-29 cell lines, acetone and chloroform extracts of S. polycystum gives the IC50 values of 386 ± 1.2 μg/ml and 408 ± 0.3 μg/ml respectively. Alginate extract of S. polycystum and aqueous extract of K. alvarezii shows the lowest IC50 values of 360 ± 1.4 μg/ml and 290 ± 10.6 μg/ml in HeLa cell line. For antioxidant results, K. alvarezii hexane extract have the highest TPC and TFC with the value of 86.93 ± 1.06 mg GAE/g sample and 48.36 ± 0.55 mg CE/g sample. Carrageenan extract of K. alvarezii have the highest reducing ability for FRAP assay with a value of 160.06 ± 0.85 μM TE/ g. The crude carrageenan extract displayed the highest scavenging activity with IC50 values 1.21± 0.02 μg/ml for DPPH assay. The scavenging activity of aqueous and ethyl acetate extracts for both samples, ethanol extract for K. alvarezii and alginate extract for S. polycystum was not found in this study. The percentage inhibition of β-carotene bleaching assay showed that hexane extract of S. polycystum have the highest percentage inhibition which was 72.32 % and ethanol extract of S. polycystum showed the lowest which was 0.24 %. The results suggest that S. polycystum and K. alvarezii extracts have the potential to be used as antioxidant and anticancer agents.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Keyword: | Seaweeds, Sargassum polycystum, Kappaphycus alvarezii, Chemical composition, Antioxidant properties, Anticancer properties, Nutraceuticals |
| Subjects: | T Technology > TP Chemical technology > TP1-1185 Chemical technology > TP200-248 Chemicals: Manufacture, use, etc. |
| Department: | FACULTY > Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition |
| Depositing User: | DG MASNIAH AHMAD - |
| Date Deposited: | 11 Mar 2025 09:57 |
| Last Modified: | 11 Mar 2025 09:57 |
| URI: | https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/43078 |
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