Antibacterial, antibiotic-potentiating, and antiviral activities of selected endemic primary rainforest plants of Peninsular Malaysia

Masyitah Zulkipli and Mazdida Sulaiman and Layane Elbehairy and Khoo, Teng Jin and Nor Hayati Abdullah and Chandramathi Samudi Raju and Gheetanjali Kathirvalu and Veeranoot Nissapatorn and Nor Azizun Rusdi and Fiffy Hanisdah Saikim and Vladimir Zarubaev and John Kenny Rafon and Jhonnel Villegas and Christophe Wiart (2025) Antibacterial, antibiotic-potentiating, and antiviral activities of selected endemic primary rainforest plants of Peninsular Malaysia. Current Traditional Medicine, XXXX. pp. 1-12. ISSN 2215-0838

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Abstract

Background: There is a need to identify original molecules to develop drugs for the treatment of microbial infections. Such chemical entities could be found in secondary metabolites of rainforest plants that are not so well-known. This study examines the antibacterial and antibiotic- potentiating effects, and antiviral activities of six rainforest plants endemic to the primary rainforest of Malaysia. Methods: Leaves, bark, fruits, and wood of Burkillanthus malaccensis, Cleistanthus bracteosus, Diospyros hasseltii, Kibatalia maingayi, Knema retusa, and Litsea spathacea were extracted successively with hexane, chloroform, and methanol, and tested against six human pathogenic bacteria species by disc diffusion and broth microdilution. The extracts were tested against influenza virus A/Puerto Rico/8/34 (H1N1) using MDCK cells. Results: Of the 42 extracts tested, the hexane extract of fruits of D. hasseltii inhibited the growth of E. coli with the MIC value of 39 μg/mL. The chloroform extract of leaves of C. bracetosus potentiated the activity of levofloxacin against P. aeruginosa. The strongest antiviral activity was observed with the chloroform extract of leaves of C. bracteosus with the IC50 value of 6.3 μg/mL. The chloroform extract of bark of B. malaccensis with the IC50 value of 0.6 μg/mL was the most cytotoxic. Conclusion: Preserving the primary rainforest of Malaysia is a means to preserve natural products with the ability to be developed as antimicrobial leads. In particular, D. hasseltii, C. bracteosus, and B. malaccensis could be examined for their active antimicrobial constituents.

Item Type:	Article
Keyword:	Antibacterial, antibiotic potentiator, antiviral, Burkillanthus malaccensis, Cleistanthus bracteosus, Diospyros has�seltii, Kibatalia maingayi, Knema retusa, Litsea spathacea.
Subjects:	Q Science > QK Botany > QK1-989 Botany > QK1-474.5 General Including geographical distribution R Medicine > RS Pharmacy and materia medica > RS153-441 Materia medica > RS160-167 Pharmacognosy. Pharmaceutical substances (Plant, animal, and inorganic)
Department:	INSTITUTE > Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation
Depositing User:	SITI AZIZAH BINTI IDRIS -
Date Deposited:	11 Aug 2025 09:52
Last Modified:	11 Aug 2025 09:52
URI:	https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/44810

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