Volatile components, antibacterial and antioxidant activities of komburongoh (Acorus Calamus L.) essential oils as potential medicinal herbs from Sabah, Malaysia

Mohammad Amil Zulhilmi Benjamin and Jacqueline Vincent and Haja Nursadah Binsali and Ahmad Asnawi Mus and Mohd Azrie Awang and Nor Azizun Rusdi (2025) Volatile components, antibacterial and antioxidant activities of komburongoh (Acorus Calamus L.) essential oils as potential medicinal herbs from Sabah, Malaysia. Borneo Journal of Resource Science and Technology, 15 (1). pp. 116-129. ISSN 2229-9769

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Abstract

Acorus calamus L., known for diverse therapeutic applications, was studied for its volatile components, antibacterial and antioxidant potential in essential oils from Sabah, Malaysia. Employing hydrodistillation with a Clevenger apparatus, the oils were analysed through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Antibacterial activity was assessed via disc diffusion against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Escherichia coli. Antioxidant properties were evaluated using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. Both leaf and rhizome oils were rich in phenylpropanoids, oxygenated sesquiterpenes, and sesquiterpenes including α-asarone, γ-asarone, methyl isoeugenol, 6-epi�shyobunone, and (E)-β-farnesene. They demonstrated significant antibacterial activity at 400 µg/mL, while displaying lower DPPH (IC50 = 28.20 ± 4.99 µg/mL) and excelling in the FRAP (150.12 ± 0.10 mg TE/g). This ongoing phytochemical analysis of A. calamus holds promise for enhancing quality control, ensuring safety, and validating its traditional applications.

Item Type:	Article
Keyword:	Acorus calamus, Antibacterial, Antioxidant, Essential oil, Volatile components
Subjects:	Q Science > QK Botany > QK1-989 Botany S Agriculture > SB Plant culture > SB1-1110 Plant culture > SB183-317 Field crops Including cereals, forage crops, grasses, legumes, root crops, sugar plants, textile plants, alkaloidal plants, medicinal plants
Department:	FACULTY > Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences
Depositing User:	SITI AZIZAH BINTI IDRIS -
Date Deposited:	26 Aug 2025 15:45
Last Modified:	26 Aug 2025 15:45
URI:	https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/45063

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