Fire performance of cross-laminated timber enhanced by borax treatment and densification for structural wood composites

Kang Chiang Liew and Noel Fowler Norbert and Rafidah Md. Salim (2025) Fire performance of cross-laminated timber enhanced by borax treatment and densification for structural wood composites. Indonesian Journal of Science & Technology, 10 (3). pp. 487-500. ISSN 2527-8045

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Abstract

This study investigates the fire performance of Cross- Laminated Timber (CLT) using a combination of densification and borax treatment to enhance its safety for structural applications. Laminated Batai wood underwent borax treatment either before or after densification, followed by tests on absorption capacity and combustion resistance. The results revealed variations in fire resistance and density profiles depending on the treatment sequence. Densification increased density, and borax improved flame retardancy. The treatment order influenced absorption rates and charring behavior because the densification process modified internal porosity, affecting chemical penetration. Image analysis and thermal evaluation confirmed that specific combinations improved fire performance. This approach offers a scientific and technological basis for optimizing fire-resistant engineered wood products with lightweight species.

Item Type:	Article
Keyword:	Borax treatment, Cross-laminated timbe, Densification, Fire performance, Peregrinates falcataria
Subjects:	S Agriculture > S Agriculture (General) > S1-(972) Agriculture (General) > S631-667 Fertilizers and improvement of the soil T Technology > TH Building construction > TH1-9745 Building construction > TH9025-9745 Protection of buildings Including protection from dampness, fire, burglary
Department:	FACULTY > Faculty of Tropical Forestry
Depositing User:	JUNAINE JASNI -
Date Deposited:	01 Oct 2025 09:22
Last Modified:	01 Oct 2025 09:22
URI:	https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/45304

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