Conserved Candidate Antigens and Nanoparticles to Develop Vaccine against Giardia intestinalis

Suthinee Sangkanu and Alok K. Paul and Julalak Chuprom and Watcharapong Mitsuwan and Rachasak Boonhok and Maria de Lourdes Pereira and Sonia Marlene Rodrigues Oliveira and Polrat Wilairatana and Mohammed Rahmatullah and Christophe Wiart and Muhammad Nawaz and Chea Sin and Sunil Kayesth and Veeranoot Nissapatorn (2023) Conserved Candidate Antigens and Nanoparticles to Develop Vaccine against Giardia intestinalis. Vaccines, 11 (96). pp. 1-12.

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URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/11/1/96

Abstract

Giardia intestinalis (Giardia lambia, Giardia duodenalis) infections in humans may be asymptomatic or symptomatic and associated with diarrhea (without blood), abdominal cramps, bloating, flatulence, and weight loss. The protozoan Giardia is the third most common cause of diarrhea and death in children under five, preceded only by rotavirus and by Cryptosporidium parvum and C. hominis infections. Antimicrobial drugs, particularly 5-nitroimidazole (5-NIs), are used to treat giardiasis in humans. Immunologically naive or immunocompromised host are more vulnerable to Giardia infection, whereas a degree of resistance to this protozoan is present in humans living in endemic areas. This suggests that vaccination may be a potential and appropriate means to control this parasitic disease outbreak and protect the human population. This review discusses Giardia antigens related to vaccine development. Additionally, based on the latest development of nanoparticle technology, a combination of methods for future research and development is proposed for the design of the next generation of powerful immunogens and an effective vaccine against Giardia.

Item Type:	Article
Keyword:	Giardia intestinalis, Giardiasis, Giardia antigens, Nanoparticles, Vaccine
Subjects:	Q Science > Q Science (General) > Q1-390 Science (General) Q Science > QR Microbiology > QR1-502 Microbiology
Department:	INSTITUTE > Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation
Depositing User:	SITI AZIZAH BINTI IDRIS -
Date Deposited:	30 Jun 2023 09:33
Last Modified:	30 Jun 2023 09:33
URI:	https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/35543

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