Validation of principal’s innovation leadership scale using factor analysis in Malaysian school context

Dayang Rafidah Syariff M. Fuad and Khalip Musa and Mat Rahimi Yusof and Bernard Swart and Ting Pick Dew and Goh Kok Ming and Amrina Rosyada Abdullah (2025) Validation of principal’s innovation leadership scale using factor analysis in Malaysian school context. International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education (IJERE), 14 (3). pp. 1790-1803. ISSN 2252-8822

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Abstract

This study addresses the need for a standardized tool to assess innovation leadership in secondary education. Despite its importance, no established instrument exists for evaluating and developing innovation leadership among school administrators. The principal innovation leadership scale (PILS) was developed and validated to bridge this gap. The process involved a literature review, expert consultations, and an initial 58-item pool. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) refined the scale to 18 items across five dimensions, demonstrating strong model fit (comparative fit index (CFI)=0.957, root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA)=0.080, incremental fit index (IFI)=0.958, normed fit index (NFI)=0.947, Tucker-Lewis’s index (TLI)=0.90). The fitted model indicated a satisfactory fit, confirming that the five latent constructs effectively measure the observed variables in the questionnaire. The PILS offers a standardized tool for assessing innovative leadership among school leaders, enabling targeted improvement strategies and informing professional development programs. This study significantly contributes to the discourse on innovation leadership in education by providing a valuable instrument for evaluating and enhancing school leadership practices. © 2025, Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science. All rights reserved.

Item Type:	Article
Keyword:	Confirmatory factor analysis, Exploratory factor analysis, Innovation leadership, Leadership, Principals’ innovation, School leadership
Subjects:	H Social Sciences > HA Statistics > HA1-4737 Statistics > HA29-32 Theory and method of social science statistics L Education > LB Theory and practice of education > LB5-3640 Theory and practice of education > LB2801-3095 School administration and organization
Department:	FACULTY > Faculty of Education and Sport Studies
Depositing User:	JUNAINE JASNI -
Date Deposited:	10 Oct 2025 16:26
Last Modified:	10 Oct 2025 16:26
URI:	https://eprints.ums.edu.my/id/eprint/45358

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